уторак, 28. јануар 2014.

Pasiv (the Passive Voice)

Pasiv (Passive Voice) je konstrukcija koja se sastoji od subjekta, pomoćnog glagola to be i prošlog participa glavnog glagola. Pasiv se mnogo češće koristi u engleskom nego u sprskom jeziku i to u sledećim situacijama:
  1. kada vršilac radnje nije poznat:
My car was stolen last night.
  1. kada vršilac radnje nije bitan:
The room was cleaned.
  1. kada se naglašava radnja a ne vršilac radnje:
10 000 car will be produced next year.
  1. kada je vršilac radnje očigledan:
The burgler has been caugth.

Pravila koja važe za upotrebu određenih glagolskih oblika u aktivnom obliku, ista su i za pasivne oblike.

Obratite pažnju na to kako se glagolski oblik  gradi

Od aktivne rečenice se pravi pasivna na sledeći način:
Active
Shakespeare wrote “Hamlet”.
  1. Prvo analizirajte rečenicu:
  • Shakespeare – subjekat
  • wrote – predikat u gl.obliku Past Simple Tense
  • Hamlet - objekat
  1. objekat aktivne (Hamlet) rečenice postaje subjekat pasivne
  2. dodajemo glagol TO BE koji će biti u vremenu u kom je glagol glavne rečenice; u ovom slučaju to je Simple Past (be → was)
  3. dodajemo prošli particip pomoćnog glagola (write – written)
  4. u ovom slučaju pominjemo vršioca radnje jer je bitan dodajemo predlog by a zatim i subjekat aktivne rečenice (by Shakespeare)
Passive
Hamlet” was written by Shakespear.

Primeri za aktivne i pasivne rečenice u najčešćim glagolskim oblicima

Tenses
Active
Passive
Simple Present
They always open the window.
The window is always opened.
Present Continuous
Molly is writing letters.
Letters are being written by Molly.
Simple Past
He repaired the car.
The car was repaired.
Past Continuous
They were building new houses the whole summer.
New houses were being built the whole summer.
Present Perfect
They have eaten the whole cake.
The whole cake has been eaten.
Past Perfect
The police had found the car.
The car had been found by the police.
Simple Future
will
They will never forget that concert.
That concert will never be forgotten.

Ne zaboravite – glagol to be:

Tenses
To Be
Simple Present
Am/is/are
Present Continuous
Am/is/are being
Simple Past
Was/were
Past Continuous
Was/were being
Present Perfect
Have/has been
Past Perfect
Had been
Modals*
(can, may, will, must...)
Can* be
(will be / may be / must be...)

Prilozi za vreme i glagolski oblik


Tenses
Adjectives of time
Simple Present
Usually, often, always, sometimes, rarely, seldom, every (day)
Present Continuous
Now, at the/this moment
Simple Past
Yesterday, the day before yesterday, in (2004), last (week), (a week) ago
Past Continuous
All day long, the whole (afternoon), when / while + another sentence
Present Perfect
Ever, never, since, for, recently, lately, already, yet, just, this (week), today
Past Perfect
As soon as, before / after + another sentence (usually in Past Simple)
Modals*
(can, may, will, must...)

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Vežbanja:

- aktiv ili pasiv
http://english-quiz.net/passive-voice.html
http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/active_passive/active_or_passive.htm
http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/active_passive/active_or_passive1.htm
http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/active_passive/active_or_passive2.htm
- sastavite pitanja
http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/active_passive/questions.htm
http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/active_passive/questions2.htm
- napišite glagol u pasivu
http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/active_passive/form_sentences_simple_past.htm
- razna vežbanja
http://www.englishexercises.org/makeagame/viewgame.asp?id=4443
http://www.englishexercises.org/makeagame/viewgame.asp?id=520
http://www.englishexercises.org/makeagame/viewgame.asp?id=3685

http://www.englishexercises.org/makeagame/viewgame.asp?id=3622

Whatsapp Abbreviations

find out more: https://grammarvocab.com/short-forms-of-words-used-in-whatsapp/